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CULTURE STUDIES [Social History]

Biology as Politics
Somnath Zutshi

Rs 100
ISBN 8170462746

 

'How many of us, as children, felt that it was entirely right that Tarzan should be the unquestioned leader of hordes of "natives"? Or . . . that Flash Gordon should vanquish Ming the Merciless, who was the very quintessence of the "Evil Oriental", even if he was from another planet?'

What is interesting about race as a concept is that it seems to be-and is used as-one of the most precise of categories. However, a few moments' careful scrutiny reveals race to be precisely the opposite, loosely used to indicate ethnic origin, class, religion, nationality, even caste. Standing at the intersection of science and politics, race might be described as both politics disguised as biology, as well as a biological investigation which in most cases has a political goal. It is this simultaneity of reference which gives race its 'slippery' quality.

This investigation ranges over crucial concepts and practices such as racism, slavery and the slave trade, anthropology, intelligence testing and I. Q., anti-semitism, fascism and the Nazis, colonialism, and the nation-state, to unpack and hold up to rational scrutiny one of the most problematic but unquestioned terms in current usage today.

DR SOMNATH ZUTSHI, a psycho-analyst by training, studies and writes on cinema.


Romtha : The Selected Works of Mahasweta Devi
Tr. by Pinaki Bhattacharya

Rs 250  £ 12.95  $ 19.95
ISBN 8170462576

 

'. . . one day, Sharan arrived. His virile body, his golden hair, the look that glowed in his pale eyes, intense, brooding-all of this threw her into a turmoil. Subhadra fell madly in love.'

A beautiful young man condemned to death for a crime of passion; his lover, the beautiful courtesan whom he kills but continues to mourn and yearn for; and a lonely young widow burning with unrequited desire. This love triangle set in twelfth century Bengal, moving between the royal city of Gaur and the forests and rivers of rural Bengal, centres on the fate of the romtha, the branded criminal who awaits his own death. Ironically named Sharan-refuge-there is no refuge for the protagonist of this tale of passion, vengeance and the overwhelming hunger for life.

MAHASWETA DEVI is one of India's foremost writers. Her powerful, satiric fiction has won her recognition in the form of the Sahitya Akademi (1979), Jnanpith (1996) and Ramon Magsaysay (1996) awards, amongst several other literary honours. She was also awarded the Padmasree in 1986, for her activist work amongst dispossessed tribal communities.

PINAKI BHATTACHARYA is a consultant, teacher, writer and actor who lives and works in Calcutta.


Inventing The Sarod
Adrian McNeil

Rs 550  £ 19.95  $ 25.95
ISBN 8170462134

 

 

This is a major study of the sarod, a leading stringed instrument in Hindustani classical music. It documents the cultural origins, historical development and music styles of this instrumental tradition over the last three centuries. It does this by documenting the history of its musicians, their social organization, patron groups, modes of patronage, musical and aesthetic developments, instrument design and construction,

narratives, musical terminology, and conception of musical sound over this period. In so doing, it provides a detailed account of how this community of musicians devised and implemented strategies to deal with the major challenges generated by a succession of political economies from pre-modern times to the present. It highlights the cultural syncretism and diversity that has underpinned the development of the tradition to date. The book also sets out to construct a methodology that historicizes sound and makes it an object of study.

The primary aim of the book is to address the current climate of contestation over the cultural ownership of the tradition and its history. This contestation is argued to be one of the cultural consequences of globalization and part of a wider tendency of re-imagining the past.

Informing this study are the rich oral histories and narratives that pervade the tradition; Sanskrit texts on music; primary materials and studies in vernacular languages; studies in Indian anthropological and sociological studies; colonial records; ethnographies; sound recordings; and the author's fieldwork and rigorous training in sarod over the last two decades.

ADRIAN MCNEIL researches and writes on Indian classical music. Currently Senior Research Fellow at the Centre for Contemporary Music Studies at Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia, he has published widely on various aspects of Indian classical music. He is a trained sarod player with several performances to his credit


Dewana, Khoimala and Holy Banyan Tree
Mahasweta Devi

Rs. 250.00  £ 12.95  $ 19.95
ISBN 8170462584

 


'The hero of our story, Dewana,
appears in the very first episode.'
'What does dewana mean?'
'Someone who's mad.'

The image of this love-crazed hero haunts Khoimala, the gentle brahman girl, and her low- caste sweetheart, the young boatman, Golak, as they live out their doomed love story: doomed because social and religious taboos damn their forbidden love. On the one hand, eighteenth century rural Bengal, quickening to the pace of urban development, undergoes swift changes, as local markets thrive and traders flourish; on the other; a destitute young woman who is trapped in the darkness of harshly prescriptive custom to the despair of the boatman lad who can neither rescue her nor declare his love.

In this masterful and deeply sensitive tale, Mahasweta Devi once again inter-weaves a social tapestry and the detail of human lives, creating a powerful tale of love, longing and passion set in a rime when the British are beginning to consolidate their hold on Bengal.

Mahasweta Devi is one of India's foremost writers. Her powerful, satiric fiction has won her recognition in the form of the Sahitya Akademi (1979), Jnanpith (1996) and Ramon Magsaysay (1996) awards, amongst several other literary honours. She was also awarded the Padmasree in 1986, for her activist work amongst dispossessed tribal communities.


Death of a Discipline
Gayatri Chakravorty Spivak

Rs 275.00
ISBN 8170462592

 

For almost three decades, Gayatri Chakravorty Spivak, has been ignoring the
standardized 'rules' of the academy arid trespassing across disciplinary boundaries. Today she remains one of die foremost figures in the study of world literature and its cultural consequences. In this new book she declares the death of comparative literature as we know it and sounds an urgent call for a 'new comparative literature' in which the discipline is given new life--one that is not appropriated and determined by the market.

In the era of globalization, when mammoth projects of world literature in
translation are being undertaken in the United States, how can we protect the
multiplicity of languages and literatures at the university? Spivak demonstrates
how critics interested in social justice should pay close attention to literary form and offers new interpretations of classics such as Joseph Conrad's. Heart of Darkness; and Virginia Woolf's A Room of One's Own. Through close readings of texts not only in English, French, and German but also in Arabic and Bengali, Spivak practices what she preaches.


Birsa Munda and his Movements
K.S. Singh
Fwd Mahasweta Devi

Rs 625.00    £ 25.00    $ 40.00
ISBN 8170461847

 

This work is a complete account of probably the best-known millenarian movement in tribal India. The movement of the Mundas led by Birsa was typical of the resistance and revitalization movements in the latter half of the nineteenth century. A combination of a religious and a political movement, it represented the struggle and aspirations of his people, sowing the first stirrings of nationalism among them and featuring an urge to recreate the old world which had disappeared under the onslaught of colonialism.

Acclaimed as the first of its kind, this study is based on anthropological data and archival material. It traces Birsa’s early life and his transformation into a ’black Christ’ against the background of the processes of transformation of the tribal society of Chotanagpur. His political movement and his religion are closely studied in the context of their impact on the course of history. The book was translated into various languages of the country and inspired various forms of creative adaptation in contemporary folk and regional literature, including Mahasweta Devi’s major novel Aranyer Adhikar.

Review


Logic in a Popular Form
Essays in Popular Religion in Bengal
Sumanta Banerjee

Rs 595.00    £ 19.95   $ 25.95
ISBN 81 7046 162 6
233pp

 

'Taking its title from Karl Marx's description of religion as 'the general theory of this world ……. [and] its logic in a popular form', this volume of essays explores the hidden logic behind the popular construction of certain myths, beliefs about godlings and spirits, and cross-religious cults, viewing them as popular inventions attempting to make sense of human existence in the face of an overwhelming and often hostile environment.

These religious manifestations of popular logic - ranging from Kali to Radha - Krishna to Satyapir to Tantrik practice - are fluid, ever-changing, and always innovative. They represent an alternative stream running parallel to, and often challenging, the more strictly structured beliefs and practices of the Indian religious establishments, whether Hindu, Islamic or Christian.

The essays in the present collection are an attempt to rediscover some of the important aspects of this multi-faceted phenomenon of popular religion in the context of nineteenth-century Bengal, including tracing the impact of urbanization, colonialism, and nationalism. They also try to re-examine the relevance of some of the beliefs and rituals that have flowed down from that past and continue to survive n Bengali society today. Sumanta Banerjee is a cultural historian who specializes in research into popular culture, particularly of the colonial period. His best known works include The Simmering Revolution: The Naxalite Uprising, The Thema Book of Naxalite Poetry, The Parlour and the Streets: Elite and Popular Culture in Nineteenth Century Calcutta and Dangerous Outcast: The Prostitute in Nineteenth Century Bengal.

Review


Of Cricket, Guinness and Gandhi
Vinay Lal

Rs 525.00    £ 19.95    $ 25.95
ISBN 8170461847

 


The eight essays that comprise this book offer a ‘dissenting, futurist, and hermeneutic’ perspective on India civilization and various aspects of the modern cultural history of India. Feminism, subaltern studies, have helped to pose new and important questions about our knowledge of India, but there has been insufficient engagement with local forms of knowledge, and with the non-modern, a historicist, mythic, vernacular and pluralist elements of Indian civilization. Although this scholarship offers rearrangements within the existing frames of knowledge, it seldom dispenses with the frames. This book is an attempt to help in establishing a tradition of modern Indian criticism; of which there are only a handful of parishioners n English in India today including Ashis Nandy, Rustom Bharucha, Shiv Visvanatajn, and T.G.Vaidyanathan

The essays, all in an easily readable style, cover a wide range of cultural phenomena and offer a sweeping perspective on contemporary Indian society. They explore the national obsession with the Guinness Book of Records and the paranoia over VIP security, the politics of sexuality as embodied in the lifestyles of hijras and the nationalist fevour over the nuclear tests. There are essays on the impossibility of the Other in the Hindi film, on he World Cup of Cricket, on Gandhi’s experiments with celibate sexuality, the idea of India as a nation-state is, as the essays suggest, slowly encroaching upon the idea of India as a civilization, and the essays explore how our finite games can be transformed into infinite games.


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